C&NW Namekagon River Bridge (Cable)


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Name C&NW Namekagon River Bridge (Cable)
Chicago & North Western Railway Bridge #302
Built By Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railway
Currently Owned By Bayfield County
Superstructure Contractor Lassig Bridge & Iron Works of Chicago, Illinois
Substructure Contractor Unknown
Length 175 Feet Total, 100 Foot Main Span
Width 1 Track
Height Above Ground 15 Feet (Estimated)
Superstructure Design Double Intersection Warren Deck Truss and Timber Pile Trestle
Substructure Design Stone Masonry and Timber Pile
Date Built 1893
Traffic Count 0 Trains/Day (Bridge Is Open to Off-Road Vehicle Traffic)
Current Status Open to Off-Road Vehicle Traffic
Chicago & North Western Railway Bridge Number 302
Significance Moderate Significance
Documentation Date 12/22/2016

In 1871, the North Wisconsin Railway (NW) began construction of a 13 mile railroad line between Northline (east of Hudson, Wuisconsin) and New Richmond, Wisconsin.  The line was extended an additional 25 miles to Clayton, Wisconsin in 1874, followed by 18 miles to Cumberland, Wisconsin in 1878 and 26 miles to Spooner, Wisconsin in 1879.  In 1880, the NW was consolidated into the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railway (Omaha Road).  That year, the Omaha Road constructed an additional 39 miles between Spooner and Cable, Wisconsin, followed by 30 additional miles to Mason, Wisconsin in 1882.  That year, the Omaha Road came under control of the Chicago & North Western Railway, which operated a growing railroad network in the Midwest.  In 1883, an additional 28 miles to Bayfield, Wisconsin was completed, and a short 4 mile branch to Ashland, Wisconsin was opened.  This line served as one of the northern mainlines of the Omaha Road, and would share the right-of-way with the other mainline between Spooner and Trego, Wisconsin.  These two mainlines formed a large X through northwest Wisconsin.  The line was critical to serving a booming logging and forestry industry in northwest Wisconsin.

The C&NW constructed and acquired a large amount of trackage through the Midwest, and the Omaha Road provided additional lines in western Wisconsin, southern Minnesota and parts of Iowa, Nebraska and South Dakota.  By the early 20th Century, the Omaha Road operated a respectable network of railroad lines, serving in conjunction with the C&NW lines.  The Omaha Road would formally be merged into the C&NW in 1959.  As traffic over this line diminished, the line would be subject to abandonment.  During the late 20th Century, the C&NW sought to sell or abandon unprofitable and excess lines.  The first segment to be abandoned was between Hayward and Bayfield in 1978, followed by the Northline to Spooner segment in 1981.  The branch to Ashland would be abandoned in early 1982.  In 1992, the Spooner to Hayward segment would be sold to Wisconsin Central, Ltd. (WC) as part of a larger sale of the other mainline between Cameron, Wisconsin and Superior, Wisconsin. In 1997, the State of Wisconsin acquired the Trego to Hayward Junction segment of the line, and Wisconsin Great Northern Railroad (WGN) began operating a tourist railroad between Trego and Hayward.  Today, much of the segment south of Spooner is abandoned, while much of the segment north of Hayward has been reused as part of ATV/snowmobile trails.  The Wild Rivers Trail uses the segment between Spooner and Trego.  WGN continues to operate the Trego to Hayward segment.


Located south of Cable, this deck truss bridge carries the former Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railway over the Namekagon River. The first bridge at this location was a timber bridge, consisting of a timber deck truss span and timber pile trestle approaches. During the late 1880s and early 1890s, the Omaha Road made significant upgrades to this route, replacing timber bridges with steel and stone. This bridge was constructed in 1893 to replace the previous timber bridge. Currently, the bridge consists of a 100-foot, 7-panel riveted double intersection Warren deck truss span, set onto stone piers. The bridge is approached by three closed deck timber pile trestle spans on the south end and four open deck timber pile trestle spans on the north end. Lassig Bridge & Iron Works fabricated the truss span, while an unknown contractor completed the substructures. Typical of bridges in this area, the stonework was quarried at an unknown location, and consists of a reddish colored stone. The truss span consists of a combination of solid and laced members, typical of spans of this design.

While lattice truss spans were relatively uncommon through the United States, the Chicago & North Western Railway (C&NW) and Omaha Road used the design extensively. Other railroads in the Midwest also occasionally used the design, although not as frequently. Engineers for the C&NW and Omaha Road favored the design, due to its resilience and greater strength without sacrificing economy. Metal lattice truss designs were initially developed for railroad use in the 1870s, often using deep spans with numerous intersections. Through the mid-1880s, short to medium length spans were simplified into double intersection spans, as seen on this bridge. Most lattice spans through the 1880s and 1890s were constructed by the Lassig Bridge & Iron Works, which produced a vast majority of iron and steel bridges for the C&NW and Omaha Road during this era. While the Omaha Road stopped using lattice trusses in the early 20th Century, the C&NW continued to use lattice truss designs nearly exclusively into the 1920s. This shift represents one of the few known instances where C&NW and Omaha Road engineers had differing opinions on bridge design. Since abandonment, the bridge has been converted into an ATV/snowmobile trail, and is currently owned by Bayfield County. Overall, the bridge appears to be in fair to good condition, with no significant deterioration noted. The author has ranked this bridge as being moderately significant, due to the truss design.


Citations

Builder and build date Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railway Valuation Notes at the Chicago & North Western Historical Society Archives
Railroad History Citation ICC Valuation Information, Compiled by Richard S. Steele

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