CN WIS-96 Bridge


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Name CN WIS-96 Bridge
Chicago & North Western Railway Bridge #376 1/4
Built By Chicago & North Western Railway
Currently Owned By Canadian National Railway
Superstructure Contractor American Bridge Company of New York
Substructure Contractor S.G. Cool of Manitowoc, Wisconsin
Length 116 Feet Total, 58 Foot Spans
Width 1 Track
Height Above Ground 13 Feet 10 Inches
Superstructure Design Through Plate Girder
Substructure Design Concrete and Steel Bent
Date Built 1929
Traffic Count 4 Trains/Day (Estimated)
Current Status In Use
Chicago & North Western Railway Bridge Number 376 1/4
Canadian National Railway Bridge Number 376 1/4
Significance Local Significance
Documentation Date 10/8/2022

In 1854, the Rock River Valley Union Railroad Company (RRVU) constructed 18 miles of new railroad, extending from Chester, Wisconsin to Fond du Lac, Wisconsin.  In 1855, the railroad began construction on an additional 11 miles, prior to being consolidated into the Chicago, St. Paul and Fond du Lac Railroad (CStP&FdL) early that year.  The CStP&FdL completed the 11 miles south to Minnesota Junction, Wisconsin (present-day Clyman Junction) in 1855.  The CStP&FdL was sold to the Chicago & North Western Railway (C&NW) in 1859.  The C&NW constructed an additional 57 miles of railroad between Janesville, Wisconsin and Minnesota Junction in 1859.  The same year, the C&NW completed 17 additional miles between Fond du Lac and Oshkosh, Wisconsin; followed by 20 miles between Oshkosh and Appleton, Wisconsin in 1861 and an additional 28 miles between Appleton and Green Bay, Wisconsin in 1862.  The C&NW was reorganized in 1864, and the line would be extended north into Michigan in the 1860s and early 1870s.

During the second half of the 20th Century, the C&NW had constructed and acquired a large amount of trackage throughout the Midwest.  By the 20th Century, the C&NW was operating an extensive railroad network, which radiated north and west from Chicago.  This line served as a mainline, connecting the mainline at Janesville to industrial areas along Lake Winnebago and to Lake Michigan at Green Bay.  While the line served as a mainline, it was one of two parallel routes between southern Wisconsin and Green Bay, with the other line following the shore of Lake Michigan north from Milwaukee.  By the late 20th Century, the C&NW had begun to consolidate operations and abandon excess lines to remain a profitable railroad.  The line between Clyman Junction and Fond du Lac would be abandoned in 1985, and purchased for trail use.  

In 1988, the C&NW sold the Fond du Lac to Green Bay segment of this line to the Fox River Valley Railroad, which became the Fox Valley and Western Ltd. (FV&W) in 1993.  The FV&W was a subsidiary of the successful Wisconsin Central Ltd. (WC), which had acquired a large amount of former Milwaukee Road and Soo Line trackage in Wisconsin.  The C&NW was purchased by Union Pacific Railroad (UP) in 1995.  The segment between Janesville and Fort Atkinson, Wisconsin would be abandoned in 1998, and portions acquired for trail use.  Portions of the line between Oshkosh and Neenah were also abandoned in the late 1990s.  In 2001, WC was purchased by Canadian National Railway (CN), and became the American subsidiary of the railroad.  After CN acquired the line, portions of the line in Fond du Lac were abandoned in 2003, and the Fond du Lac to Oshkosh segment would be heavily rebuilt.  Today, the Fond du Lac to Clyman Junction segment is used as part of the Wild Goose State Trail, and portions near Fort Atkinson and Neenah are also used by trails.  UP operates the Clyman Junction to Fort Atkinson segment as the Clyman Industrial Lead, and CN operates the North Fond du Lac to Green Bay segment as the Fox River Subdivision.


Located in Appleton, this through plate girder bridge carries the former Chicago & North Western Railway mainline across Wisconsin Highway 96 (Wisconsin Avenue). In the late 1920s and early 1930s, the Wisconsin State Highway Commission began working with various railroad companies to construct grade separations at busy grade crossings. One of the priority projects was constructing a grade separation between the heavily used C&NW mainline and Wisconsin Avenue, then US Highway 10 on the northeast side of Appleton. Work began on the structure in 1928, and was completed in late 1929. During the construction, secondhand scrap girder spans were used to form the falsework, including a span from Bridge #36 on the Iowa Division, which was fabricated in 1890 and a span from Bridge #125 on the Galena Division. Currently, the bridge consists of two 58-foot through plate girder spans, set onto concrete abutments and a steel bent pier. In addition, the bridge runs at a heavy skew. The superstructure follows a typical design for the era, with heavy girders, a ballast deck consisting of parallel I-beams and rounded and tapered girder ends. The substructure follows a standard design, with sloped wing walls at the abutments. The center pier consists of two steel columns, connected by a lattice girder on top and set onto concrete pedestals. American Bridge Company fabricated the superstructure, while the substructure was completed by S.G. Cool. During the construction of the bridge, S.G. Cool died from unrelated causes, and this structure was likely among the last completed by his firm. Through plate girder spans were commonly used by railroads, as they were durable and easy to construct. Since the initial construction, the bridge has seen no notable alterations, and remains in use. Overall, the bridge appears to be in fair to good condition, with no significant deterioration noted. The author has ranked this bridge as being locally significant, due to the common design.


Citations

Builders and build date Chicago & North Western Railway Authority For Expenditure (AFE) #B-478 (1927) at the Chicago & North Western Railway Historical Society Archives
Railroad History Citation ICC Valuation Information, Compiled by Richard S. Steele

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