Name | CN Chippewa River Bridge (Bruce) Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie Railway Bridge #122B |
Built By | Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie Railway |
Currently Owned By | Canadian National Railway |
Superstructure Contractor | Unknown (Truss Spans) Unknown (Approach Spans) |
Substructure Contractor | Unknown |
Length | 533 Feet Total, 126 Foot Main Spans |
Width | 1 Track |
Height Above Ground | 15 Feet (Estimated) |
Superstructure Design | Warren Through Truss and Steel Stringer |
Substructure Design | Concrete and Concrete Pile |
Date Built | 1907, East Approach Reconstructed c. 1960 |
Traffic Count | 2 Trains/Day (Estimated) |
Current Status | In Use |
Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie Railway Bridge Number | 122B |
Canadian National Railway Bridge Number | 122.36 |
Significance | Moderate Significance |
Documentation Date | 5/6/2016 |
In 1883, the Minneapolis, Sault Ste. Marie and Atlantic Railway (MSSM&A) constructed 47 miles of new railroad, extending from Turtle Lake to Bruce, Wisconsin. The following year, an additional 20 miles were constructed from Bruce to Main Creek, Wisconsin. In 1886, an additional 76 miles were completed from Main Creek to Rhinelander, Wisconsin. In 1887, the Minneapolis and St. Croix Railway (M&SC) constructed 36 miles of railroad, extending from Shoreham, Minnesota to the St. Croix River near Osceola, Wisconsin. At the same time, the MSSM&A constructed an additional 37 miles from the St. Croix River to Turtle Lake, as well as 126 miles from Rhinelander to Gladstone, Michigan. In 1888, the MSSM&A completed 148 additional miles to Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, completing the line. The MSSM&A and M&SC were consolidated to form the Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie Railway (MStP&SSM, commonly known as the Soo Line) in 1888. This line formed the eastern principal mainline of the Soo Line, connecting the Twin Cities to Canada at Sault Ste. Marie.
The Soo Line was a modest sized railroad in the Midwest, with routes extending through Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan and North Dakota, with subsidiary routes extending to Chicago. It was operated as a subsidiary of Canadian Pacific Railway (CP). By 1937, the Soo Line had entered bankruptcy, and it would be reorganized as the Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie Railroad in 1944. In 1961, the MStP&SSM would be merged with other CP subsidiaries Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic Railroad and the Wisconsin Central Railway to form Soo Line Railroad, a company controlled by CP. Throughout the 20th Century, this line slowly lost importance, as most traffic for the Soo Line was run over the Chicago-Twin Cities mainline. In 1984, the Soo Line would be reorganized as the Soo Line Corporation in advance of a pending purchase of the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad (Milwaukee Road). In 1987, this line would be sold to Wisconsin Central, Ltd. (WC). Known as the "new" Wisconsin Central, the railroad acquired several excess rail lines from the Soo Line, Milwaukee Road and Chicago & North Western Railway.
In 1990, the segment between Amery, Wisconsin and Almena, Wisconsin was abandoned and sold to the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources for trail use. In 2001, WC was merged into Canadian National Railway (CN), becoming the American subsidiary of CN. The segment between Dresser, Wisconsin and Amery, Wisconsin was abandoned in 2003, and also sold to the Wisconsin DNR. In 2021, CN sold excess and unprofitable lines in northern Wisconsin to the Fox Valley & Lake Superior Rail System (FOXY). FOXY acquired the line between east of Ladysmith, Wisconsin and Goodman, Wisconsin. Today, CN continues to operate the Shoreham to Dresser segment of this line as the Dresser Subdivision, and the Minnesota Transportation Museum (MTM) occasionally offers tourist excursions over this section of line. In addition, CN operates the Almena to Tony segment as the Barron Subdivision; the Goodman to Gladstone, Michigan segment as the Pembine Subdivision and the Gladstone to Sault Ste. Marie segment as the Manistique Subdivision. FOXY operates the line between Tony and Goodman, although the segments between Tony and Prentice and Rhinelander to Goodman are currently out of service. The Cattail Trail uses the former railroad grade between Almena and Amery, and the Stover Seven Lakes Trail uses the former grade between Amery and Dresser.
Located east of Bruce, this through truss bridge carries the former Soo Line mainline over the Chippewa River. The first bridge at this location was likely a timber truss bridge, which dated to when the line was constructed. In the early 20th Century, the Soo Line made significant upgrades to this route, replacing timber bridges with concrete and steel. The bridge was reconstructed with three steel through truss spans in 1907, retaining a lengthy timber pile trestle east approach. The approach was gradually filled until approximately 1960, when it would be replaced by five steel stringer spans, giving the bridge its present configuration. Currently, the bridge consists of three 126-foot, 6-panel, riveted Warren through truss spans, set onto concrete substructures. These spans are approached by five 31-foot steel stringer spans on the east end, which are set onto concrete pile substructures. An unknown contractor fabricated the truss spans, and another unknown contractor fabricated the approach spans. The main piers and west abutment were constructed by an unknown contractor, while the approach piers and east abutment were likely constructed by railroad company forces.
The truss spans use a typical design for Soo Line bridges, with a traditionally composed floor, lattice sway bracing a lattice portal bracing overlaid with an A-frame brace and heavy members. The compression members of these spans consist of solid beams, while the tension members consist of built-up members. Diagonal tension members are constructed using a traditional V-lacing, while vertical tension members are constructed using parallel beams, connected by square plates. The endposts, upper chords and lower chords are all constructed of heavy built-up beams. The approach beams use a typical design for the Soo Line, with four beams per span. Since the initial construction, the bridge has seen a number of repairs, including replacement of the lower lateral bracing, reinforcement of the main piers and other minor repairs. Riveted Warren truss spans became popular in the early 20th Century, as they were stronger and more durable than pin-connected Pratt spans, which were the dominant design through the second half of the 19th Century. Overall, the bridge appears to be in fair to good condition, with no significant deterioration noted. The author has ranked this bridge as being moderately significant, due to the truss design, age and unknown builders.
Citations
Build date | Soo Line Historical and Technical Society Archives |
Railroad History Citation | ICC Valuation Information, Compiled by Richard S. Steele |